MatchMedi
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Research database

Melanoma information map with sources.

This organized list powers the MatchMedi pages. It separates treatments, trial leads, mutation notes, and open questions so the site can stay useful without saying more than the sources support.

Database counts

4 mutations29 treatment records6 trial leads3 open gaps
Country availabilityTransparency audit

Treatment information records

targeted-therapy

Tunlametinib / HL-085

Approved in some placesWhere it is available depends on the country.

A MEK-targeting medicine to discuss only in a China-connected NRAS-mutant melanoma situation, especially after PD-1/PD-L1 treatment has stopped working.

Status: conditionally-approved. Where: China. Last checked: 2026-05-20.

Questions this can help you ask

  • Is this exactly tunlametinib / HL-085 / 妥拉美替尼 / 科露平?
  • Is it being used under China approval, a trial, local protocol, or off-label combination practice?
  • Would prior MEK-inhibitor exposure affect whether later trials fit?

Sources

immunotherapy

PD-1 inhibitors: nivolumab and pembrolizumab

Used in care guidelinesThis is a commonly recognized treatment category.

PD-1 inhibitors are immune checkpoint drugs. They are not MEK inhibitors, and prior PD-1/PD-L1 failure changes later treatment discussions.

Status: guideline-category. Where: US, Korea, Japan, China, EU. Last checked: 2026-05-20.

Questions this can help you ask

  • Is immunotherapy being used before surgery, after surgery, or for metastatic disease?
  • What side effects should trigger a call to the team?
  • If PD-1/PD-L1 therapy already failed, what changes in the next-line plan?

Sources

immunotherapy

Nivolumab + relatlimab

Approved in some placesWhere it is available depends on the country.

A combination immune checkpoint treatment that pairs PD-1 blockade with LAG-3 blockade. It belongs in immunotherapy discussions, not targeted-therapy mutation discussions.

Status: approved. Where: US. Last checked: 2026-05-20.

Questions this can help you ask

  • How does this compare with nivolumab plus ipilimumab in this case?
  • Is this being discussed before or after prior immunotherapy?
  • What immune-related side effects are most important to watch for?

Sources

targeted-therapy

BRAF + MEK inhibitor combinations

Used in care guidelinesThis is a commonly recognized treatment category.

BRAF/MEK combinations are mutation-specific targeted therapies. They are relevant when the melanoma has a qualifying BRAF V600 mutation, not simply because melanoma is aggressive.

Status: approved. Where: US, Global. Last checked: 2026-05-20.

Questions this can help you ask

  • Which BRAF variant is documented?
  • Is this adjuvant, metastatic, or trial-framed use?
  • If immunotherapy is also an option, how is sequencing being discussed?

Sources

cell-therapy

Lifileucel tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte therapy

Approved in some placesWhere it is available depends on the country.

A T-cell therapy option to ask about after prior systemic therapy in the FDA-labeled context. It is not a simple infusion appointment and should be discussed at experienced centers.

Status: approved. Where: US. Last checked: 2026-05-20.

Questions this can help you ask

  • Is a TIL therapy center appropriate to consult?
  • Would prior treatments or current disease location affect feasibility?
  • How long would manufacturing and treatment logistics take?

Sources

chemotherapy

Chemotherapy in melanoma

Used in care guidelinesThis is a commonly recognized treatment category.

Chemotherapy is not automatically useless, but families should ask why it is being discussed now and what alternatives are being compared.

Status: guideline-category. Where: Global. Last checked: 2026-05-20.

Questions this can help you ask

  • Why chemotherapy now?
  • Is it being used because other options failed, are unavailable, or conflict with trial timing?
  • What outcome would show that it is helping?

Sources

immunotherapy

Nivolumab

Used in care guidelinesThis is a commonly recognized treatment category.

Nivolumab is a PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor. It is not a MEK inhibitor, and prior nivolumab exposure matters when discussing later options.

Status: approved. Where: US, Korea, Japan, China, EU. Last checked: 2026-05-20.

Questions this can help you ask

  • Is nivolumab being discussed alone or with another immunotherapy?
  • Is this before surgery, after surgery, or for unresectable/metastatic disease?
  • How does prior PD-1 exposure change later options?

Sources

immunotherapy

Pembrolizumab

Used in care guidelinesThis is a commonly recognized treatment category.

Pembrolizumab is a PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor. It belongs in immunotherapy discussions rather than MEK/targeted-therapy discussions.

Status: approved. Where: US, Korea, Japan, China, EU. Last checked: 2026-05-20.

Questions this can help you ask

  • Why pembrolizumab rather than another checkpoint option?
  • What prior therapies affect this choice?
  • What should we ask before moving to the next line if it stops working?

Sources

immunotherapy

Nivolumab + ipilimumab

Used in care guidelinesThis is a commonly recognized treatment category.

A combination of two immune checkpoint approaches. It can come up when a team is weighing intensity, potential benefit, and immune-related risk.

Status: approved. Where: US, Korea, Japan, China, EU. Last checked: 2026-05-20.

Questions this can help you ask

  • What is the goal of combination immunotherapy in this case?
  • How are side effects monitored and handled by the team?
  • What would make the team stop, pause, or change therapy?

Sources

immunotherapy

Ipilimumab

Used in care guidelinesThis is a commonly recognized treatment category.

Ipilimumab is a CTLA-4 checkpoint inhibitor, a different immune checkpoint category from PD-1 drugs.

Status: approved. Where: US, Korea, Japan, China, EU. Last checked: 2026-05-20.

Questions this can help you ask

  • Is ipilimumab being discussed alone or with nivolumab?
  • What side effects are most important to understand before starting?
  • How does this fit after prior PD-1 therapy?

Sources

radiation-local

T-VEC / talimogene laherparepvec

Approved in some placesWhere it is available depends on the country.

An injectable local therapy conversation, not a whole-body targeted therapy or chemotherapy substitute.

Status: approved. Where: US, EU, Unknown. Last checked: 2026-05-20.

Questions this can help you ask

  • Are there injectable lesions that make local therapy relevant?
  • How would this fit with systemic therapy?
  • Could local therapy affect trial timing?

Sources

targeted-therapy

Vemurafenib + cobimetinib

Used in care guidelinesThis is a commonly recognized treatment category.

A BRAF-mutant melanoma targeted combination. It is not relevant to NRAS unless the molecular report also documents qualifying BRAF mutation.

Status: approved. Where: US, EU, Unknown. Last checked: 2026-05-20.

Questions this can help you ask

  • Is the BRAF mutation a qualifying V600 variant?
  • How does this compare with immunotherapy sequencing?
  • What country label/reimbursement applies?

Sources

targeted-therapy

Imatinib / KIT-context melanoma

Clinical trialThis is being studied or tracked through trials.

If the report shows a KIT alteration, ask whether it is activating/actionable and whether KIT-directed trials or evidence apply.

Status: clinical-trial. Where: Global. Last checked: 2026-05-20.

Questions this can help you ask

  • Is the KIT alteration activating/actionable?
  • Does the trial or evidence match this exact KIT variant?
  • Is the melanoma subtype acral, mucosal, or another subtype where KIT is more relevant?

Sources

targeted-therapy

Regorafenib / KIT-context research lead

Not enough evidenceWe cannot make a treatment claim from this yet.

A research placeholder for KIT-directed investigation; families should not treat this as a suggested melanoma medicine.

Status: unresolved. Where: Unknown. Last checked: 2026-05-20.

Questions this can help you ask

  • Is there any clinical trial specifically matching this KIT alteration?
  • Is this drug being mentioned from melanoma evidence or another cancer context?

Sources

targeted-therapy

Belvarafenib + cobimetinib ± nivolumab

Clinical trialThis is being studied or tracked through trials.

A distinct NRAS-mutant melanoma clinical-trial strategy involving RAF/MEK and sometimes PD-1 therapy. It should not be confused with tunlametinib.

Status: clinical-trial. Where: US, Global. Last checked: 2026-05-20.

Questions this can help you ask

  • Is the trial drug belvarafenib rather than tunlametinib?
  • Does the trial require prior anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy?
  • Which arm includes nivolumab, if any?

Sources

targeted-therapy

Trametinib + hydroxychloroquine

Clinical trialThis is being studied or tracked through trials.

A research strategy combining MEK inhibition with autophagy inhibition in NRAS melanoma.

Status: clinical-trial. Where: EU. Last checked: 2026-05-20.

Questions this can help you ask

  • Is this trial still relevant or completed?
  • Would prior MEK inhibitor exposure affect a similar trial?
  • What mechanism is being tested?

Sources

targeted-therapy

Tunlametinib + nivolumab unresolved lead

Lived experience onlyPatient or caregiver story, not medical evidence.

A remembered real-world combination that MatchMedi tracks carefully without presenting it as proven trial evidence.

Status: unresolved. Where: China, Unknown. Last checked: 2026-05-21.

Questions this can help you ask

  • Can the physician provide the trial record, protocol, or publication?
  • Is this local protocol, off-label combination practice, or compassionate access?
  • What monitoring plan is used for duration of response and progression?

Sources

radiation-local

Light-based local therapies in melanoma

Not enough evidenceWe cannot make a treatment claim from this yet.

If a clinic mentions light therapy, the first task is to clarify whether they mean photodynamic therapy, laser therapy, radiation, cosmetic red-light treatment, or a trial.

Status: source-context. Where: Global. Last checked: 2026-05-21.

Questions this can help you ask

  • What exact light-based procedure is being discussed: PDT, laser, radiation, or something else?
  • Is the goal tumor control, symptom relief, skin healing, or a clinical trial endpoint?
  • Which source or trial record supports using it for this melanoma situation?

Sources

supportive-care

Oxygen therapy / hyperbaric oxygen in melanoma context

Not enough evidenceWe cannot make a treatment claim from this yet.

If oxygen or HBOT is mentioned, separate supportive-care use from anti-cancer treatment claims and ask for the exact indication.

Status: source-context. Where: Global. Last checked: 2026-05-21.

Questions this can help you ask

  • Is oxygen being discussed for low blood oxygen, breathlessness, wound/radiation injury, or cancer treatment?
  • Is this standard supportive care, HBOT, or a trial?
  • Are there treatment interactions or reasons this would be unsafe in this situation?

Sources

radiation-local

Heat therapy / hyperthermia and regional melanoma therapy

Clinical trialThis is being studied or tracked through trials.

Heat therapy is not a single melanoma medicine. In melanoma, the most source-backed conversation is local/regional treatment such as isolated limb perfusion in selected extremity disease or clinical-trial contexts.

Status: source-context. Where: Global. Last checked: 2026-05-21.

Questions this can help you ask

  • Is this local hyperthermia, thermal ablation, isolated limb perfusion, or another procedure?
  • Is it being used with chemotherapy, radiation, surgery, or as part of a trial?
  • Is the melanoma confined to a limb or local area where regional therapy is relevant?

Sources

diagnostic-context

Leukemia subtype and testing map

Used in care guidelinesThis is a commonly recognized treatment category.

Before comparing leukemia options, families need the exact subtype and the pending/completed tests: blood count, marrow, flow cytometry, cytogenetics, FISH, and molecular testing.

Status: source-context. Where: Global. Last checked: 2026-05-21.

Questions this can help you ask

  • What exact leukemia subtype is written on the report?
  • Which tests are pending or completed: flow cytometry, cytogenetics, FISH, molecular testing, or marrow pathology?
  • Is the current conversation new diagnosis, remission, relapse, transplant, CAR-T, or trial search?

Sources

diagnostic-context

Acute myeloid leukemia source map

Used in care guidelinesThis is a commonly recognized treatment category.

AML should be handled as its own leukemia track, with attention to marrow findings, cytogenetics, molecular testing, fitness for intensive therapy, transplant discussion, and trials.

Status: source-context. Where: Global. Last checked: 2026-05-21.

Questions this can help you ask

  • Is this AML, APL, or another acute leukemia subtype?
  • Which cytogenetic or molecular results are pending?
  • Is transplant or clinical trial referral being discussed now or later?

Sources

diagnostic-context

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia source map

Used in care guidelinesThis is a commonly recognized treatment category.

ALL needs age-aware source handling. Families should separate adult ALL, childhood ALL, AYA care, B-cell versus T-cell wording, and transplant/CAR-T/trial questions.

Status: source-context. Where: Global. Last checked: 2026-05-21.

Questions this can help you ask

  • Does the report say B-cell ALL, T-cell ALL, Philadelphia chromosome positive, or another subtype?
  • Is care being handled by adult hematology, pediatric oncology, or an AYA-focused team?
  • Are transplant, CAR-T, or trial referral questions relevant to this phase?

Sources

diagnostic-context

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia source map

Used in care guidelinesThis is a commonly recognized treatment category.

CLL conversations can be very different from acute leukemia. Families need to clarify whether the discussion is observation, first treatment, relapse, testing, or trial search.

Status: source-context. Where: Global. Last checked: 2026-05-21.

Questions this can help you ask

  • Is the team discussing observation, treatment now, relapse, or a clinical trial?
  • Which prognostic or molecular tests have been ordered?
  • How does age, overall health, and infection risk factor into the discussion?

Sources

diagnostic-context

Chronic myeloid leukemia / BCR-ABL source map

Used in care guidelinesThis is a commonly recognized treatment category.

CML needs its own pathway because BCR-ABL/Philadelphia chromosome language, disease phase, response monitoring, and TKI discussions are central.

Status: source-context. Where: Global. Last checked: 2026-05-21.

Questions this can help you ask

  • Does the report document BCR-ABL or Philadelphia chromosome positivity?
  • Which phase is documented: chronic, accelerated, or blast phase?
  • What monitoring terms should the family understand before the next visit?

Sources

targeted-therapy

CML controlled with regular TKI medicine

Used in care guidelinesThis is a commonly recognized treatment category.

If leukemia is stable on regular medicine with a good survival outlook, one common pattern to clarify is chronic-phase CML controlled by a BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitor.

Status: source-context. Where: Global. Last checked: 2026-05-21.

Questions this can help you ask

  • Does the report say CML, BCR-ABL, or Philadelphia chromosome positive?
  • What response level is documented: complete hematologic, cytogenetic, major molecular, or deep molecular response?
  • Is the current goal ongoing control, treatment-free remission attempt, transplant evaluation, or another goal?

Sources

trial-strategy

CML treatment-free remission discussion

Clinical trialThis is being studied or tracked through trials.

Some CML patients who have had a deep molecular response for a long time may discuss a carefully monitored TKI stop attempt, sometimes called treatment-free remission.

Status: source-context. Where: Global. Last checked: 2026-05-21.

Questions this can help you ask

  • Is treatment-free remission a recognized goal in this exact case?
  • What molecular response depth and duration would be required before discussing it?
  • How often would PCR monitoring happen if a supervised stop attempt were ever considered?

Sources

cell-therapy

Allogeneic stem cell transplant: curative intent with major risks

Used in care guidelinesThis is a commonly recognized treatment category.

The risky therapy your friend mentioned may be an allogeneic stem cell transplant: replacing the blood-forming system with donor stem cells after intensive treatment, with possible graft-versus-leukemia effect and serious risks.

Status: source-context. Where: Global. Last checked: 2026-05-21.

Questions this can help you ask

  • Is the proposed therapy an allogeneic stem cell transplant, CAR-T, donor lymphocyte infusion, or something else?
  • What is the estimated relapse risk without it compared with transplant-related risk at this center?
  • What donor source and match quality are being considered, and how does that affect graft-versus-host disease risk?
  • What are the non-transplant alternatives, including continued medicine, switching medicine, clinical trial, or supervised treatment-free remission if applicable?

Sources

trial-strategy

Clinical trial search strategy

Used in care guidelinesThis is a commonly recognized treatment category.

A trial-search record that helps families ask better questions without treating a trial listing as proof that a study fits.

Status: source-context. Where: Global. Last checked: 2026-05-20.

Questions this can help you ask

  • Should we search trials before starting the next treatment?
  • Which terms should we search?
  • Who can contact the trial team?

Sources

Mutation records

NRAS

NRAS-mutant melanoma

An NRAS result is a reason to ask mutation-specific treatment and trial questions, especially when BRAF V600 targeted therapy is not the relevant pathway.

  • Immunotherapy remains a major melanoma treatment category.
  • MEK-inhibitor strategies may come up, but approval and usefulness depend strongly on the specific drug and country.
  • Clinical trials may be especially important after PD-1/PD-L1 failure.

BRAF

BRAF V600-mutant melanoma

A BRAF V600 result can open a targeted-therapy conversation with BRAF plus MEK inhibitor combinations, alongside immunotherapy and trial questions.

  • BRAF/MEK combinations are FDA-approved in several melanoma contexts.
  • The stage, prior treatment, and country determine whether the conversation is adjuvant, metastatic, or trial-based.
  • BRAF-positive status can affect whether later therapies such as lifileucel fit the situation.

KIT

KIT-altered melanoma

KIT alterations may matter more in some melanoma subtypes, including acral and mucosal melanoma, and can justify asking about KIT-directed evidence or trials.

  • NCI PDQ notes trial evidence for patients with unresectable stage III or stage IV melanoma and a KIT pathogenic variant.
  • The exact KIT mutation matters; not every KIT alteration predicts the same therapy discussion.

Trial leads

ClinicalTrials.gov

NCT04375527

Binimetinib and nivolumab in BRAF V600 wild-type melanoma

unknown; Phase 1/2; US

Supports the broader research concept of MEK inhibitor plus PD-1 inhibitor in melanoma, but not tunlametinib specifically.

Do not use this as evidence for tunlametinib plus nivolumab.

Research gaps

closed-not-found

Is there a melanoma trial or publication for the exact tunlametinib / HL-085 plus nivolumab combination?

The user remembers this combination being discussed by both a Beijing doctor and a U.S. oncologist. Public pages must not imply trial evidence unless the exact source is found.

ClinicalTrials.gov searches for tunlametinib/HL-085 plus nivolumab melanoma returned no exact record in this pass. Related records support tunlametinib monotherapy after prior immunotherapy and other MEK/RAF-plus-PD-1 concepts, but those should not be merged with the exact remembered combination.

Next searches

  • Search Chinese trial registries for 妥拉美替尼 纳武利尤单抗 黑色素瘤.
  • Ask user for the remembered U.S. trial link, screenshot, email, or NCT number if available.
  • Search conference abstracts for HL-085 plus anti-PD-1 melanoma.

open

Which melanoma drugs are reimbursed or practically available in Korea by mutation and line of therapy?

Korean pages must be first-class, but clinical treatment pages should not be machine-translated from U.S. assumptions.

KCIC provides patient-facing melanoma, immunotherapy, and targeted-therapy background. A drug-by-drug Korea reimbursement map still needs Korean regulatory/reimbursement source work.

Next searches

  • Korea MFDS drug label and approval search for melanoma indications.
  • HIRA/NHIS reimbursement criteria for nivolumab, pembrolizumab, ipilimumab, BRAF/MEK combinations, and TIL availability.
  • Korean melanoma center patient materials.

open

Which melanoma drugs are approved and practically accessible in Japan by mutation and line of therapy?

Japan-source support is part of the multilingual research plan, but PMDA label mapping is not complete yet.

Japan NCC/ganjoho and PMDA are source buckets. Nivolumab PMDA material was identified, but full drug-by-drug mapping remains unfinished.

Next searches

  • PMDA label pages for nivolumab, pembrolizumab, ipilimumab, dabrafenib, trametinib, encorafenib, binimetinib.
  • Ganjoho melanoma treatment pages and reuse terms.
  • Japanese dermatologic oncology guideline access rules.